PROFESSIONAL LEARNING:  Adult Learning Theory in Action

The work of Malcolm Knowles provides us with valuable insights into the characteristics and needs of adult learners.  While we are more familiar with Pedagogy as it relates to teaching and learning, the study of teaching adult learners is known as Andragogy.  This information serves as a basis for consideration in planning the content, delivery, and follow up for any professional learning activity.  

Adult learners bring a diverse skill set, knowledge base, and a variety of experiences to the professional learning table.  They require that immediate connections be made between the new learning, their own practice, and what they will be expected to do with this new knowledge and/or skill.  Adult learners are typically more motivated to learn, but only when they see job-embedded relevance.  How would this knowledge of adult learners impact professional learning in your school or district?

Andragogy (an*dra*go*gy):  The methods or techniques used to teach adults; the Art or Science of Teaching Adults; focus is on learning regardless of the content.

Pedagogy (ped*e*go*ji): Literal meaning is the teaching of children; The art and science of teaching; Content centered learning 

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Malcolm Knowles:  Adult Learning Theory (Andragogy)

5 Assumptions

1. Self Concept
   
2. Experience
   
3. Readiness to Learn
   
4. Orientation to Learning (problem centered)
   
5. Motivation to Learn
   

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4 Principles 

1. Adults need to be involved in the planning and evaluation of their instruction.
2. Experience (including mistakes) provides the basis for learning activities.
3. Adults are most interested in learning subjects that have immediate relevance and impact to their job or personal life.
4. Adult learning is problem-centered rather than content-oriented. 

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For Your Consideration...

• How does Adult Learning Theory relate to the planning and delivery of effective Professional Learning?
  
• How do the Standards for Professional Learning relate to Knowles' views of Adult Learning?
  
• How do change models account for Adult Learning Needs?
  

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When initiating any type of change, effective Professional Learning is the key to providing the knowledge, skills, and support to implement and sustain the desired change(s).